SpringBoot RabbitMQ实现消息可靠投递

作者: adm 分类: java 发布时间: 2021-08-31

消息投递时可能发生丢失的场景：

生产者——msg——> MQ 。可开启消息投递结果回调，确保每条消息都收到了回调。
MQ。将Queue与消息设置成可持久化，搭建镜像集群队列。
MQ——-callback—->生产者。回调时失败，某条消息在一段时间内未收到回调，则默认投递失败，生产者需要再次投递该消息到MQ。（该场景下会导致同一条消息被重复投递，消费者端需要自行保证消息幂等消费）

一、实现思路

使用技术:

SpringBoot
RabbitMQ
Mysql
MybatisPlus
XxlJob

二、准备，框架搭建

数据库Entity：
- Message

/**
 * 消息发送历史
 *
 * @author futao
 * @date 2020/3/31.
 */
@Getter
@Setter
@Builder
@TableName("message")
public class Message extends IdTimeEntity {

    @Tolerate
    public Message() {
    }

    /**
     * 消息承载的业务数据
     */
    @TableField("msg_data")
    private String msgData;

    /**
     * 交换机名称
     */
    @TableField("exchange_name")
    private String exchangeName;

    /**
     * 路由键
     */
    @TableField("routing_key")
    private String routingKey;

    /**
     * 消息状态
     *
     * @see com.futao.springboot.learn.rabbitmq.doc.reliabledelivery.model.enums.MessageStatusEnum
     */
    @TableField("status")
    private int status;

    /**
     * 重试次数
     */
    @TableField("retry_times")
    private int retryTimes;

    /**
     * 下一次重试时间
     */
    @TableField("next_retry_date_time")
    private LocalDateTime nextRetryDateTime;

}

消息状态枚举

/**
 * 消息状态枚举
 *
 * @author futao
 * @date 2020/3/31.
 */
@Getter
@AllArgsConstructor
public enum MessageStatusEnum {

    /**
     * 1=发送中
     */
    SENDING(1, "发送中"),

    /**
     * 2=发送失败
     */
    SUCCESS(2, "发送成功"),

    /**
     * 3=发送失败
     */
    FAIL(3, "发送失败");

    private int status;
    private String description;
}

RabbitMQ配置

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: localhost
    port: 5672
    username: futao
    password: 123456789
    virtual-host: reliable-delivery
    connection-timeout: 15000
    # 发送确认
    publisher-confirms: true
    # 路由失败回调
    publisher-returns: true
    template:
      # 必须设置成true 消息路由失败通知监听者，而不是将消息丢弃
      mandatory: true

app:
  rabbitmq:
    retry:
      # 消息最大重试次数
      max-retry-times: 5
      # 每次重试时间间隔
      retry-interval: 5s
    # 队列定义
    queue:
      user: user-queue
    # 交换机定义
    exchange:
      user: user-exchange

三、编码

队列交换机定义与绑定

/**
 * RabbitMQ队列定义与绑定
 *
 * @author futao
 * @date 2020/3/31.
 */
@Configuration
public class Declare {

    @Bean
    public Queue userQueue(@Value("${app.rabbitmq.queue.user}") String userQueueName) {
        return QueueBuilder
                .durable(userQueueName)
                //.withArgument("x-max-length", 2)
                .build();
    }

    @Bean
    public Exchange userExchange(@Value("${app.rabbitmq.exchange.user}") String userExchangeName) {
        return ExchangeBuilder
                .topicExchange(userExchangeName)
                .durable(true)
                .build();
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding userBinding(Queue userQueue, Exchange userExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder
                .bind(userQueue)
                .to(userExchange)
                .with("user.*")
                .noargs();
    }
}

对RabbitTemplate进行增强，设置confirmCallback()消息投递回调方法与returnCallback()消息路由失败回调方法

/**
 * Bean增强
 * 【严重警告】: 不可在该类中注入Bean，被注入的Bean不会被BeanPostProcessor增强，造成误伤。
 * 必须通过容器来获取需要注入的Bean
 *
 * @author futao
 * @date 2020/3/20.
 */
@Slf4j
@Component
public class BeanEnhance implements BeanPostProcessor {

//    @Resource
//    private MessageMapper messageMapper;

    /**
     * 消息的最大重试次数
     */
    @Value("${app.rabbitmq.retry.max-retry-times}")
    private int maxRetryTimes;

    /**
     * 每次重试时间间隔
     */
    @Value("${app.rabbitmq.retry.retry-interval}")
    private Duration retryInterval;

//    @Autowired
//    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
//
//    @Autowired
//    private BeanEnhance enhance;


    @Override
    public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {

        //增强RabbitTemplate
        if (RabbitTemplate.class.equals(bean.getClass())) {
            //消息投递成功与否的监听，可以用来保证消息100%投递到rabbitMQ。（如果某条消息（通过id判定)在一定时间内未收到该回调，则重发该消息)
            //需要设置 publisher-confirms: true
            ((RabbitTemplate) bean).setConfirmCallback((correlationData, ack, cause) -> {
                String correlationDataId = correlationData.getId();
                if (ack) {
                    //ACK
                    log.debug("消息[{}]投递成功，将DB中的消息状态设置为投递成功", correlationDataId);
                    ApplicationContextHolder.getBean(MessageMapper.class).update(null,
                            Wrappers.<Message>lambdaUpdate()
                                    .set(Message::getStatus, MessageStatusEnum.SUCCESS.getStatus())
                                    .eq(Message::getId, correlationDataId)
                    );
                } else {
                    log.debug("消息[{}]投递失败,cause:{}", correlationDataId, cause);
                    //NACK，消息重发
                    ApplicationContextHolder.getBean(BeanEnhance.class).reSend(correlationDataId);
                }
            });

            //消息路由失败的回调--需要设置   publisher-returns: true 并且   template: mandatory: true 否则rabbit将丢弃该条消息
            ((RabbitTemplate) bean).setReturnCallback((message, replyCode, replyText, exchange, routingKey) -> {
                log.warn("消息路由失败回调...做一些补偿或者记录.............................................");
                log.warn("message{}", message);
                log.warn("replyCode{}", replyCode);
                log.warn("replyText{}", replyText);
                log.warn("exchange{}", exchange);
                log.warn("routingKey{}", routingKey);
            });
        }
        return bean;
    }


    /**
     * NACK时进行消息重发
     *
     * @param correlationDataId
     */
    @Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
    public void reSend(String correlationDataId) {
        Message message = ApplicationContextHolder.getBean(MessageMapper.class).selectById(correlationDataId);
        if (message.getRetryTimes() < maxRetryTimes) {
            //进行重试
            ApplicationContextHolder.getBean(RabbitTemplate.class).convertAndSend(message.getExchangeName(), message.getRoutingKey(), message.getMsgData(), new CorrelationData(correlationDataId));
            //更新DB消息状态
            ApplicationContextHolder.getBean(MessageMapper.class).update(null,
                    Wrappers.<Message>lambdaUpdate()
                            .set(Message::getStatus, MessageStatusEnum.SENDING.getStatus())
                            .set(Message::getNextRetryDateTime, LocalDateTime.now(ZoneOffset.ofHours(8)).plus(retryInterval))
                            .set(Message::getRetryTimes, message.getRetryTimes() + 1)
                            .eq(Message::getId, correlationDataId)
            );
        }
    }
}

生产者：


/**
 * @author futao
 * @date 2020/3/31.
 */
@Component
public class Sender {

    @Value("${app.rabbitmq.retry.retry-interval}")
    private Duration retryInterval;

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @Resource
    private MessageMapper messageMapper;

    @Value("${app.rabbitmq.exchange.user}")
    private String userExchangeName;

    public void send(User user) {
        Message message = Message.builder()
                .msgData(JSON.toJSONString(user))
                .exchangeName(userExchangeName)
                .routingKey("user.abc")
                .status(MessageStatusEnum.SENDING.getStatus())
                //下次重试时间
                .nextRetryDateTime(LocalDateTime.now(ZoneOffset.ofHours(8)).plus(retryInterval))
                .retryTimes(0)
                .build();
        //消息落库
        messageMapper.insert(
                message
        );
        CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData(message.getId());
        //消息投递到MQ
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(userExchangeName, "user.abc", JSON.toJSONString(user), correlationData);
    }
}

定时任务扫描DB中的消息状态，如果存在发送中的消息，且当前时间>=下一次投递时间 and 重试次数<=最大重试次数，则再次进行投递。
- XxlJob配置

xxl:
  job:
    switch: ON
    admin:
      ### 调度中心部署跟地址 [选填]：如调度中心集群部署存在多个地址则用逗号分隔。执行器将会使用该地址进行"执行器心跳注册"和"任务结果回调"；为空则关闭自动注册；
      addresses: http://127.0.0.1:9090/xxl-job-admin
    executor:
      ### 执行器AppName [选填]：执行器心跳注册分组依据；为空则关闭自动注册
      appname: xxl-job-executor-rabbitmq
      ### 执行器IP [选填]：默认为空表示自动获取IP，多网卡时可手动设置指定IP，该IP不会绑定Host仅作为通讯实用；地址信息用于 "执行器注册" 和 "调度中心请求并触发任务"；
      # ip:
      ### 执行器端口号 [选填]：小于等于0则自动获取；默认端口为9999，单机部署多个执行器时，注意要配置不同执行器端口；
      port: 9999
      ### 执行器运行日志文件存储磁盘路径 [选填] ：需要对该路径拥有读写权限；为空则使用默认路径；
      logpath: data/applogs/xxl-job/jobhandler
      ### 执行器日志文件保存天数 [选填] ： 过期日志自动清理, 限制值大于等于3时生效; 否则, 如-1, 关闭自动清理功能；
      logretentiondays: 30
    ### 执行器通讯TOKEN [选填]：非空时启用；
    accessToken:

Configuration

/**
 * XXL-JOB配置
 *
 * @author futao
 * @date 2020/4/1.
 */
@Setter
@Getter
@Slf4j
@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "xxl.job")
public class XxlJobConfig {


    private final Admin admin = new Admin();
    private final Executor executor = new Executor();

    @Bean
    public XxlJobSpringExecutor xxlJobExecutor(XxlJobConfig xxlJobConfig) {
        log.info(">>>>>>>>>>> xxl-job config init.");
        XxlJobSpringExecutor xxlJobSpringExecutor = new XxlJobSpringExecutor();
        xxlJobSpringExecutor.setAdminAddresses(xxlJobConfig.getAdmin().getAddresses());
        xxlJobSpringExecutor.setAppName(xxlJobConfig.getExecutor().getAppName());
        xxlJobSpringExecutor.setIp(xxlJobConfig.getExecutor().getIp());
        xxlJobSpringExecutor.setPort(xxlJobConfig.getExecutor().getPort());
        xxlJobSpringExecutor.setLogPath(xxlJobConfig.getExecutor().getLogPath());
        xxlJobSpringExecutor.setLogRetentionDays(xxlJobConfig.getExecutor().getLogRetentionDays());
        return xxlJobSpringExecutor;
    }

    @Getter
    @Setter
    public static class Admin {
        private String addresses;
    }

    @Getter
    @Setter
    public static class Executor {
        private String appName;
        private String ip;
        private int port;
        private String logPath;
        private int logRetentionDays;
    }
}

定时扫描任务编写


/**
 * 扫描数据库中需要重新投递的消息并重新投递
 *
 * @author futao
 * @date 2020/4/1.
 */
@Slf4j
@Component
public class MessageReSendJob extends IJobHandler {


    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @Resource
    private MessageMapper messageMapper;

    @Autowired
    private MessageReSendJob messageReSendJob;

    /**
     * 最大重试次数
     */
    @Value("${app.rabbitmq.retry.max-retry-times}")
    private int retryTimes;

    /**
     * 重试时间间隔
     */
    @Value("${app.rabbitmq.retry.retry-interval}")
    private Duration retryInterval;

    /**
     * 批量从数据库中读取的消息
     */
    private static final int PAGE_SIZE = 100;


    @XxlJob(value = "MessageReSendJob", init = "jobHandlerInit", destroy = "jobHandlerDestroy")
    @Override
    public ReturnT<String> execute(String s) throws Exception {
        long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        log.info("开始扫描需要进行重试投递的消息");
        XxlJobLogger.log("开始扫描需要进行重试投递的消息");
        service(1);
        log.info("扫描需要进行重试投递的消息任务结束，耗时[{}]ms", System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime);
        XxlJobLogger.log("扫描需要进行重试投递的消息任务结束，耗时[{}]ms", System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime);
        return ReturnT.SUCCESS;
    }

    public void service(int pageNum) {
        IPage<Message> messageIPage = messageMapper.selectPage(new Page<>(pageNum, PAGE_SIZE),
                Wrappers.<Message>lambdaQuery()
                        //发送中的消息
                        .eq(Message::getStatus, MessageStatusEnum.SENDING.getStatus())
                        //已到达下次发送时间
                        .le(Message::getNextRetryDateTime, LocalDateTime.now(ZoneOffset.ofHours(8)))
        );
        List<Message> messages = messageIPage.getRecords();
        messages.forEach(message -> {
            if (retryTimes <= message.getRetryTimes()) {
                //已达到最大投递次数，将消息设置为投递失败
                messageMapper.update(null, Wrappers.<Message>lambdaUpdate().set(Message::getStatus, MessageStatusEnum.FAIL.getStatus()).eq(Message::getId, message.getId()));
            } else {
                messageReSendJob.reSend(message);
            }
        });
        if (PAGE_SIZE == messages.size()) {
            service(++pageNum);
        }
    }


    /**
     * 重新投递消息
     *
     * @param message
     */
    public void reSend(Message message) {
        messageMapper.update(null,
                Wrappers.<Message>lambdaUpdate()
                        .set(Message::getRetryTimes, message.getRetryTimes() + 1)
                        .set(Message::getNextRetryDateTime, LocalDateTime.now(ZoneOffset.ofHours(8)).plus(retryInterval))
                        .eq(Message::getId, message.getId())
        );
        try {
            //再次投递
            rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(message.getExchangeName(), message.getRoutingKey(), message.getMsgData(), new CorrelationData(message.getId()));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("消息[{}]投递失败", JSON.toJSONString(message));
        }
    }

    public void jobHandlerInit() {
        log.info("before job execute...");
        XxlJobLogger.log("before job handler init...");
    }

    public void jobHandlerDestroy() {
        log.info("after job execute...");
        XxlJobLogger.log("after job execute...");
    }
}

XxlJob 新增调度任务

四、测试

测试接口

/**
 * @author futao
 * @date 2020/4/1.
 */
@RequestMapping("/user")
@RestController
public class UserController {

    @Autowired
    private Sender sender;

    @RequestMapping("/send")
    public void send() {
        sender.send(User
                .builder()
                .userName("天文")
                .birthday(LocalDate.of(1995, 1, 31))
                .address("浙江杭州")
                .build());
    }
}