SpringBoot——整合MongoDB详解

作者: adm 分类: java 发布时间: 2023-09-17

引入依赖

org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb

配置文件
spring: data: mongodb: host: 127.0.0.1 database: test port: 27017 # 也可以使用uri mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/test

创建实体类
public class Student implements Serializable{


    @Id

    private String studentId;
    private String studentName;
    private Integer studentAge;
    private Double studentScore;
    private Date studentBirthday;
    public Student(String studentId, String studentName, Integer studentAge, Double studentScore, Date studentBirthday) {

        this.studentId = studentId;

        this.studentName = studentName;

        this.studentAge = studentAge;

        this.studentScore = studentScore;

        this.studentBirthday = studentBirthday;

    }
    public Student() {

    }
    public String getStudentId() {

        return studentId;

    }
    public void setStudentId(String studentId) {

        this.studentId = studentId;

    }
    public String getStudentName() {

        return studentName;

    }
    public void setStudentName(String studentName) {

        this.studentName = studentName;

    }
    public Integer getStudentAge() {

        return studentAge;

    }
    public void setStudentAge(Integer studentAge) {

        this.studentAge = studentAge;

    }
    public Double getStudentScore() {

        return studentScore;

    }
    public void setStudentScore(Double studentScore) {

        this.studentScore = studentScore;

    }
    public Date getStudentBirthday() {

        return studentBirthday;

    }
    public void setStudentBirthday(Date studentBirthday) {

        this.studentBirthday = studentBirthday;

    }

@Override public String toString() { return "Student{" + "studentId='" + studentId + '\'' + ", studentName='" + studentName + '\'' + ", studentAge=" + studentAge + ", studentScore=" + studentScore + ", studentBirthday=" + studentBirthday + '}'; } }

dao层
1、JPA方式
/** * @Version 1.0 * JPA方式 * 继承MongoRepository即可，不需要实现类 */ public interface StudentRepository extends MongoRepository { }

测试：

import data.dao.StudentRepository; import data.domain.Student;


import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

import org.springframework.data.domain.*;
import java.util.*;
/**

 * @Author: acton_zhang

 * @Date: 2023/5/9 12:44 上午

 * @Version 1.0

 */

@SpringBootTest

public class StudentRepositoryTest {
    @Autowired

    private StudentRepository studentRepository;
    /**

     * 插入单条数据

     */

    @Test

    public void insertOne() {

        Student student = new Student("009", "tom", 18, 88.2d, new Date());

        studentRepository.insert(student);

    }
    /**

     * 插入多条数据

     */

    @Test

    public void insertMany() {

        Student student1 = new Student("002", "jerry", 19, 38.2d, new Date());

        Student student2 = new Student("003", "mike", 20, 78.2d, new Date());

        List list = new ArrayList<>();

        list.add(student1);

        list.add(student2);

        studentRepository.insert(list);

    }
    /**

     * 修改数据

     */

    @Test

    public void update() {

        Optional op = studentRepository.findById("001");

        Student student = op.get();

        student.setStudentAge(222);

        studentRepository.save(student);

    }
    /**

     * 查询数据

     */

    @Test

    public void query() {

        //根据Id查询单个对象

        Optional stuOp = studentRepository.findById("001");

        System.out.println(stuOp.get());
        //根据字段查询单个对象

        Student student = new Student();

        student.setStudentAge(19);

        Optional stuOp1 = studentRepository.findOne(Example.of(student));

        System.out.println(stuOp1.get());
        //根据id列表查询多个对象

        Iterable itStu = studentRepository.findAllById(Arrays.asList(new String[]{"001", "002"}));

        Iterator itor = itStu.iterator();

        while (itor.hasNext())

            System.out.println(itor.next());
        //查询所有

        List all = studentRepository.findAll();
        //查询所有并排序

        List all1 = studentRepository.findAll(Sort.by(Sort.Order.desc("studentId"), Sort.Order.asc("studentName")));

        for (Student stu : all1)

            System.out.println(stu);
        //根据条件查询所有并排序

        Student student1 = new Student();

        student1.setStudentName("tom");

        List all2 = studentRepository.findAll(Example.of(student1), Sort.by(Sort.Order.desc("studentId"), Sort.Order.asc("studentName")));

        for (Student stu : all2)

            System.out.println(stu);
        //根据条件查询所有并排序，且分页

        Pageable pageable = PageRequest.of(0, 2);

        Page all3 = studentRepository.findAll(pageable);

        List content = all3.getContent();

        for (Student stu : content)

            System.out.println(stu);

    }
    /**

     * 其他操作

     */

    @Test

    public void other() {

        //count

        long count = studentRepository.count();

        System.out.println(count);

        Student student = new Student();

        student.setStudentAge(18);

        long count1 = studentRepository.count(Example.of(student));

        System.out.println(count1);
        //exists

        boolean exists = studentRepository.exists(Example.of(student));

        System.out.println(exists);

        boolean b = studentRepository.existsById("001");

        System.out.println(b);

    }
    /**

     * 删除操作

     */

    @Test

    public void remove() {

        //根据id删除单个对象

        studentRepository.deleteById("001");
        //根据字段删除

        Student student = new Student();

        student.setStudentAge(20);

        studentRepository.delete(student);
        //删除所有

        studentRepository.deleteAll();

//根据字段删除多个 Student student1 = new Student(); student1.setStudentName("jerry"); List list = new ArrayList<>(); list.add(student); list.add(student1); studentRepository.deleteAll(list); } }

2、MongoTemplate方式
dao接口：

public interface StudentDao {


    //插入单个对象

    void addOne(Student student);
    //根据id删除单个对象

    void deleteOneById(String  studentId);
    //修改单个对象

    void updateOne(Student student);
    //根据id获取单个对象

    Student findOneById(String studentId);

//获取全部学生 List findAll(); }

实现类：

public class StudentDaoImpl implements StudentDao {


    @Autowired

    private MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;
    @Override

    public void addOne(Student student) {

        mongoTemplate.save(student);

    }
    @Override

    public void deleteOneById(String studentId) {

        Student stu = mongoTemplate.findById(studentId, Student.class);

        if (stu != null)

            mongoTemplate.remove(stu);
    }
    @Override

    public void updateOne(Student student) {

        mongoTemplate.save(student);
    }
    @Override

    public Student findOneById(String studentId) {

        return mongoTemplate.findById(studentId, Student.class);

    }

@Override public List findAll() { return mongoTemplate.findAll(Student.class); } }

测试类：

@SpringBootTest public class StudentDaoTest {


    @Autowired

    private StudentDao studentDao;

@Test void addOneStudent(){ // 插入10行 for (Integer count = 0; count < 10; count++) { Student student = new Student(); student.setStudentId("study_"+count); student.setStudentName("Echo"+count); student.setStudentAge(count); student.setStudentScore(98.5-count); student.setStudentBirthday(new Date()); studentDao.addOne(student); } } @Test void deleteOneStudentByStudentId(){ // 删除id为study_0的学生 studentDao.deleteOneById("study_0"); } @Test void updateOneStudent(){ // 修改id为study_1的Student年龄为21 Student student = studentDao.findOneById("study_1"); student.setStudentAge(21); studentDao.updateOne(student); } @Test void getOneStudentByStudentId(){ System.out.println(studentDao.findOneById("study_1")); } @Test void getAllStudent(){ List studentList = studentDao.findAll(); studentList.forEach(System.out::println); } }

MongoTemplate
1、查询
is查询：

Query query = new Query(); // where...is... 相当于 where ? = ? query.addCriteria(Criteria.where("数据库字段名").is("你的参数")); // findOne 返回的是一个对象 Class代表你的表对应的映射类 mongoTemplate.findOne(query, Class.class); // find 返回的是数组 mongoTemplate.find(query, Class.class);

in查询：

ArrayList list = new ArrayList<>(); // list代表你的数据 Query query = Query.query(Criteria.where("数据库字段").in(list)); mongoTemplate.find(query, Class.class);

// 如果想要查询指定的数据是否在数据库的数组中，可以用以下方法 Query query = Query.query(Criteria.where("数据库字段（数组）").is("你的数组"));

字符模糊查询：

Query query = Query.query(Criteria.where("name").regex("小"));

指定字段不返回：

query.fields().exclude("field");

数组中添加或删除一条数据:
Query query = Query.query(Criteria.where("_id").is("id")); Update update = new Update(); // push方法可以在数组中添加一条数据 // pull方法可以在数组中删除一条数据 // update.pull() update.push("字段名称", "data"); mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, Class.class);

批量添加：
ArrayList list = new ArrayList<>(); mongoTemplate.insert(list, Class.class);

数组查询：

数组格式： { name:"小明", age:13, friends:[ { name:"小王", age:12 }, { name:"小李", age:18 } ] }

当要查询朋友中姓名为小王时
Query query = new Query(); query.addCriteria(Criteria.where("friends.$.name").is("小王")); mongoTemplate.find(query, User.class);

同样更新时也是一样，但是注意，更新时查询条件需要添加
query.addCriteria(Criteria.where("friends").elemMatch(Criteria.where("name").is("小王")); Update update = Update.update("friends.$.friends", "小赵");

数字字符串排序操作

对数据库中数字字符串排序：
加上这一行就行了亲身体验
query.collation(Collation.of("zh").numericOrdering(true)); 还有根据字符串排序时又是顺序并不是我们所想的字典序,加上下面这个也ok query.collation(Collation.of("zh"));

分页:

//分页 query.limit(10); //排序 Sort sort=Sort.by(Sort.Direction.DESC,"timestamp"); query.with(sort);

criteria:

关键字解释
eq 等于，第一个参数是对象属性，第二个参数是值
allEq 参数为一个Map对象，相当于多个eq的叠加
gt 大于
ge 大于等于
lt 小于
le 小于等于
between 在两个值之间Expression.between(“age”,new Integer(10),new Integer(20));
like like查询
in in查询
2、更新
User user = new User(); user.setId("5d1312aeb1829c279c6c256b"); user.setName("admin"); user.setAddress("测试");

Query query = Query.query(Criteria.where("_id").is("5d1312aeb1829c279c6c256b")); Update update = Update.update("name","zs"); // 更新一条数据 mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query,update, User.class); mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query,update, "mongodb_user"); mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query,update, User.class,"mongodb_user"); // 更新多条数据 mongoTemplate.updateMulti(query,update, User.class); mongoTemplate.updateMulti(query,update,"mongodb_user"); mongoTemplate.updateMulti(query,update, User.class,"mongodb_user"); // 更新数据，如果数据不存在就新增 mongoTemplate.upsert(query,update, User.class); mongoTemplate.upsert(query,update,"mongodb_user"); mongoTemplate.upsert(query,update, User.class,"mongodb_user");

3、插入
List list = new ArrayList<>(); User user= new User();// user.setName("admin"); user.setAddress("测试"); list.add(user);

// 保存对象到mongodb mongoTemplate.save(user); mongoTemplate.insert(user); // 根据集合名称保存对象到mongodb mongoTemplate.save(user,"mongodb_user"); mongoTemplate.insert(user,"mongodb_user"); // 根据集合名称保存list到mongodb mongoTemplate.save(list,"mongodb_user"); mongoTemplate.insert(list,"mongodb_user"); mongoTemplate.insert(list,User.class);

4、删除
List list = new ArrayList<>(); User user= new User(); user.setId("5d1312aeb1829c279c6c256b"); list.add(user);

Query query = Query.query(Criteria.where("_id").in("5d1312aeb1829c279c6c256b","5d13133ab1829c29d02ce29c")); // 根据条件删除 mongoTemplate.remove(query); mongoTemplate.remove(user); mongoTemplate.remove(User.class); // 根据条件删除（可删除多条） mongoTemplate.remove(query,User.class,"mongodb_user");

MongoDB

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